Memilih Kabel ADSS? Mulakan dengan Span, Bukan Kiraan Gentian.

2026-04-21
Jadual Kandungan

Memilih Kabel ADSS? Mulakan dengan Span, Bukan Kiraan Gentian.(figure1)

Jika anda mendapatkan kabel ADSS untuk projek utiliti, telekomunikasi atau EPC, jangan mulakan dengan berapa banyak gentian yang anda perlukan. Itu ke belakang. Mulakan dengan panjang rentang. Kemudian periksa voltan atau persekitaran elektrik. Hanya selepas itu anda perlu menyelesaikan kiraan gentian dan pembinaan kabel.

 

Itulah sebenarnya cara projek overhed sebenar menentukan ADSS. IEEE 1222-2019 menganggap ADSS sebagai kabel utiliti overhed, jadi ia meliputi keperluan mekanikal, elektrik dan pemasangan bersama-sama - bukan hanya spesifikasi optik.

 

Ambil halaman ADSS-S YRTFiber sebagai contoh. Ia menerangkan kabel udara jaket tunggal yang menyokong diri semua dielektrik dengan pilihan jaket luar PE atau AT, daripada 2 hingga 288 gentian. Tetapi terdapat juga jadual teknikal yang menunjukkan ketegangan kerja yang berbeza dan julat rentang untuk reka bentuk yang berbeza. Itu sahaja memberitahu anda: ini bukan hanya tentang "berapa banyak teras yang saya perlukan?"

 

Versi pendek - pilih dalam susunan ini:

Span dahulu - ia memutuskan reka bentuk mekanikal asas.

 

Tahap voltan / persekitaran elektrik kedua - memberitahu anda sama ada anda memerlukan sarung PE atau sarung AT.

Kiraan gentian ketiga - pasti, kapasiti penting, tetapi ia perlu sesuai dengan reka bentuk mekanikal dan alam sekitar, bukan mengatasinya.

Mengapa pesanan ini? Kerana ADSS bukan sekadar pembawa gentian. Ia adalah kabel udara yang menyokong diri yang perlu mengendalikan angin, ketegangan, tekanan pemasangan dan pendedahan luar selama bertahun-tahun. Kedua-dua skop IEEE dan struktur produk YRTFiber mencerminkannya.

 

Langkah 1: Panjang span

Span ialah penapis pertama anda. Ia secara langsung menjejaskan pemuatan dan ketegangan kabel. Dalam jadual ADSS-S YRTFiber, baris reka bentuk yang berbeza menunjukkan ketegangan kerja maksimum harian, kekuatan pecah dan nilai rentang - kira-kira dari 100 m hingga 800 m, bergantung pada konfigurasi.

 

Satu perkara yang juga ditunjukkan oleh halaman mereka (mungkin secara tidak sengaja) ialah anda tidak sepatutnya mempercayai satu nombor rentang tajuk. Produk yang sama dipanggil "kabel udara rentang 150 m" dalam tajuk, FAQ mengatakan "direka untuk rentang sehingga 150 meter", blok teknikal mengatakan "rentang maksimum 100 m", tetapi senarai ciri mengatakan "boleh mencapai lebih daripada 1000 m", manakala jadual menunjukkan reka bentuk sehingga 800 m. Apa yang diberikan? Mudah: rentang bergantung pada baris reka bentuk yang tepat dan keadaan projek anda. Jadi langkah selamat adalah untuk meminta pembekal mengesahkan reka bentuk untuk laluan sebenar anda, bukan hanya mengikut perkataan pemasaran.

 

Pokoknya: span adalah pembolehubah reka bentuk, bukan label tetap. Laluan pendek, standard? Jaket tunggal yang lebih ringan mungkin berfungsi. Laluan yang lebih panjang atau beban yang lebih tinggi? Dapatkan pengesahan reka bentuk khusus rentang sebelum membuat pesanan.

 

Langkah 2: Tahap voltan atau persekitaran elektrik

Sebaik sahaja anda mengetahui rentang, lihat persekitaran elektrik. Di situlah anda memilih antara sarung PE dan AT. Halaman ADSS-S YRTFiber menyenaraikan kedua-duanya sebagai pilihan jaket luar, dengan tetulang benang aramid di dalamnya.

 

Amalan industri (berdasarkan piawaian seperti YD / T 980-2002, DL / T 788-2016, GB / T 18899-2002) berkata: jika potensi ruang di kawasan pemasangan tidak lebih tinggi daripada 12 kV, gunakan polietilena hitam (A- sarung kelas). Jika melebihi 12 kV, anda mahukan poliolefin tahan penjejakan (sarung kelas B). Dalam bahasa perolehan biasa: PE untuk persekitaran elektrik yang kurang teruk, AT apabila anda memerlukan rintangan penjejakan yang lebih kuat.

 

Ramai pembeli hanya mencari mengikut voltan talian nominal, tetapi persoalan kejuruteraan sebenar ialah tekanan elektrik sebenar pada kedudukan pemasangan. IEEE 1222 malah termasuk lampiran untuk meminimumkan medan elektrik menggunakan pengiraan potensi ruang - begitulah terasnya reka bentuk ADSS.

Memilih Kabel ADSS? Mulakan dengan Span, Bukan Kiraan Gentian.(figure2)

 

Jadi dari perspektif pembelian:

 

Telekom udara standard atau laluan utiliti berisiko rendah? Sarung PE mungkin baik.

Persekitaran medan elektrik yang lebih keras? Pergi dengan AT.

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